Rhein-13C4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of rhein by GC- or LC-MS. Rhein is an anti-inflammatory anthraquinone found in rhubarb and is the bioactive derivative of its prodrug diacerein . At 10 μM, rheininhibits IL-1β signaling, suppressing signaling through NF-κB, and reduces the expression of the matrix metalloproteases MMP-1 and MMP-13.1 It inhibits IKKβ (IC50 = 11.8 μM), decreasing iNOS and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages but paradoxically increasing TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMBG1 expression.2 Rhein shows efficacy against pancreatic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, and hyperglycemia-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.3,4 It also inhibits angiogenesis of breast cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.5
Highly selective and potent inhibitor of nNOS (Ki = 57 nM). Displays 3158-fold and 149-fold selectivity over iNOS and eNOS respectively. Hypotensive in vivo. Kakoki et al (2001) The influence of nitric oxide synthase 1 on blood flow and interstitial nitric oxide in the kidney. Am.J.Physiol.Regul.Integr.Comp.Physiol. 281 R91 PMID:11404282 |Zhang et al (1997) Potent and selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by Nω-propyl-L-arginine. J.Med.Chem. 40 3869 PMID:9397167
(Rac)-Zevaquenabant ((Rac)-MRI-1867, compound 6b) is a potent and selective antagonist of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), exhibiting a binding affinity (Ki) of 5.7 nM specifically for CB1R. Due to its characteristics, (Rac)-Zevaquenabant holds promise as an investigative tool in liver fibrosis research.